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A Pyrrhic victory is a victory that inflicts such a devastating toll on the victor that it is tantamount to defeat. Someone who wins a Pyrrhic victory has been victorious in some way. However, the heavy toll negates any sense of achievement or profit. Another term for this would be "hollow victory".〔(Hollow victory ) on Wiktionary〕〔('Pyrrhic victory' for Obama as 'inevitable' nuclear war seen with Iran agreement ) Shianee Mamanglu-Regala 26 September 2015 "But as far as Republican Rep. Chris Smith is concerned, it could be a pyrrhic or hollow victory since the Iran nuclear agreement 'poses an existential threat to Israel, our allies in the region—and even poses significant risks to the United States.'"〕 ==Etymology== The phrase ''Pyrrhic victory'' is named after king Pyrrhus of Epirus, whose army suffered irreplaceable casualties in defeating the Romans at Heraclea in 280 BC and Asculum in 279 BC during the Pyrrhic War. After the latter battle, Plutarch relates in a report by Dionysius: In both of Pyrrhus's victories, the Romans suffered greater casualties than Pyrrhus did. However, the Romans had a much larger supply of men from which to draw soldiers and their casualties did less damage to their war effort than Pyrrhus's casualties did to his. The report is often quoted as "Another such victory and I come back to Epirus alone",〔"''Ne ego si iterum eodem modo uicero, sine ullo milite Epirum reuertar''": Orosius, ''(Historiarum Adversum Paganos Libri )'', IV, 1.15.〕 or "If we are victorious in one more battle with the Romans, we shall be utterly ruined."〔Plutarch, ''Life of Pyrrhus'', (21:8 ).〕 The term is used as an analogy in fields such as business, politics, and sports to describe struggles that end up ruining the victor. Theologian Reinhold Niebuhr, for example, commented on the necessity of coercion in preserving the course of justice by warning, "Moral reason must learn how to make coercion its ally without running the risk of a Pyrrhic victory in which the ally exploits and negates the triumph."〔Niebuhr, Reinhold ''Moral Man and Immoral Society'', published by Scribner, 1932 and 1960, reprinted by Westminster John Knox Press, 2002, ISBN 0-664-22474-1, ISBN 978-0-664-22474-5 p. 238.〕 Also, in ''Beauharnais v. Illinois'', a 1952 U.S. Supreme Court decision involving a charge proscribing group libel, Justice Hugo Black alluded to the Pyrrhic War in his dissent: "If minority groups hail this holding as their victory, they might consider the possible relevancy of this ancient remark: 'Another such victory and I am undone. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「pyrrhic victory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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